_Progress of Science in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries._

SECTION I.

_Physical Science._

⭘ Aim of the Chapter――Conceptions of the Universe; Newton’s Theory Controversy touching the Invention of the Calculus――Importance of Mathematical Science

⭘ Maclaurin, a Professor of Mathematics――Method and Scope of his Course of Instruction――His Works――Theories of the Tides

⭘ James Stirling’s Mathematical Works――Stewart――Simson――Playfair ――Leslie

⭘ Dr. Black’s Experiments――His discovery of Latent Heat――His Lectures on Chemistry――His connection with James Watt――Black was a successful Instructor

⭘ Sir John Leslie and other scientific men investigated the subject of Radiant Heat――Leslie’s Experiments――His Works

⭘ Progress of Discovery――Spectrum Analysis

⭘ Optics: Dr. Young――Sir David Brewster――His Intellectual Energy and Industry――His Discoveries――His Works――His Invention of Instruments and Apparatus

⭘ Geology: Hutton――Lyell’s Works――Murchison’s Explorations and Writings――Siluria Strata――Maclaren――Hugh Miller

SECTION II.

_Progress of Mechanical Science._

⭘ Relation between Physical Science and Mechanical Arts

⭘ Dr. Robison; his education――He becomes acquainted with James Watt――His work in foreign countries――Appointed Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh――His Works

⭘ James Watt; his early training――Went to London to improve his mechanical skill――On returning he found employment in the University of Glasgow

⭘ Watt’s Experiments touching Steam――The Steam Engine; his first improvement of it; subsequent improvements

⭘ His other Inventions――His discovery of the composition of Water ――Honours conferred on him――Serenity of the evening of his life ――His death――The worth of his character and genius

⭘ Early attempts to apply Steam power to Navigation

⭘ Rise and Progress of the Science of Electricity――Practical applications of the Electric Forces――Conclusion of the Chapter